【春雨译文】如何向医生描述自己的症状

基本原则：要真实，不隐瞒。

    当你向医生描述自己的症状时，不需要用专业术语，但是如果可以的话，这可以让这个问诊过程更加方便。

    无论是说你胸部的刺痛感还是情绪的大幅波动，在医生那里，他们都会把这些信息与某些病症相联系。

    这不像是在体检或是实验过程中提取信息，症状自查需要你对自己的身体状况足够关心，足够了解。

    如果你能清楚地向医生描述自己的症状，那么医生就能够做出准确的诊断，制定最佳治疗方案。所以当你描述自己的状况是，不要遮遮掩掩，并尽量具体，不要遗漏过多的细节。

    上文已经提及过，这个过程并不需要我们对医学术语非常了解。

    “病人用自己的话病症非常重要，不要想着怎样使用专业术语，也不要臆断医生想要听到你提供哪些信息，尽可能用自己的话把症状说清楚就行了。” 加州大学疾病监控中心的临床医学助理教授Barrett Levesque如是说。

    Michael Klinkman是密歇根大学健康系统的家庭医学教授，他也非常赞同这一观点。他举了个例子，当你描述的时候，你可以说：“我觉得肚子很痛，很不舒服。”其实这样简单明了的描述就可以了。

    当然如果你可以打一些比方来更生动地描述你的感觉就更好了。

    比方说，你可以这样描述：“我觉得头很痛，感觉像锤子在不停的敲打头的一侧一样。”从这样的话当中，医生就可以得出这样的信息：这是单方面的一侧头痛，这是一种剧烈的阵痛感，那么根据他的描述，医生就可能会得出丛集性头痛的结论。

    描述症状的时候，应该要包含这些内容：你的感觉，如果是生理上的病痛，那么它在身体的什么部位，发生的频率大概是怎样，这些症状是从什么时候开始的等等，如果可以的话，也可以说说这是不是跟你的某一活动有联系，比方说天气，时间，食物或者饮料，或者任何你认为与病情相关的事情。

    Levesque说，这有助于帮助我们去判断病人的症状是不是因为压力过大而产生或者是不是与某种药物或家庭病史有关。

    不要对病情遮遮掩掩，即使有的时候这些症状很难启齿，也不要忽略哪些你认为不重要的细节

    “有些人大便的时候会出血，如果病人不告诉我们，那这将会给整个诊断过程带来很大的麻烦，因为如果他对这些事情遮遮掩掩，那可能就需要更多的测试才能帮助我们知道他的身体状况。”

    美国疾病协会的组织曾经发明过一个网上医疗工具，，那么病人就可以直接在它提供的表格上填写自己就诊的原因，自上次治疗后出现的新症状，身体上是否有新的改善，以及他们要向医生提出的新问题。这样的事情，春雨医生也一直在做。

    因为在填写表格的过程中，病人自己就会知道自己到底想要问什么，自己的身体到底有什么不适。那么在问诊的时候，大家也要注意不要描述过长，因为这样的话可能就让医生抓不住你问诊的重点。

    而另一件事情就是，因为病人要问的问题太多，而要约到医生的时间和机会却少得可怜，在这种情况下，移动医疗就给这一诉求带来了光明，病人可以在突破空间和时间的限制，得到更加细致更加专业的医疗帮助。

    当你为医生提供了相对准确清晰的描述之后，他们就可以更好的把你的症状与病征相匹配，那么就可以更准确的来为你做一个治疗方案了。

    “我觉得腹部隐隐有疼痛感，每当心情紧张的时候，这样的症状就会加剧。”比方说这样的描述就很好，很容易让医生理解。

    在春雨医生的网站上，患者可以进行病情的自查，并可以随时向医生询问自己的病情，这会让我们对自己的身体状况有更清晰地了解，这样就可以为我们的身体健康提供保障了。

    最后，提醒大家，在描述自己的症状时，要意识到，这是一个与医生合作的过程，因为医生可以通过你的描述来整理患者的症状，告诉我们有哪些药物或者治疗能够帮助我们缓解病痛，再比如，他们对我们在饮食，休息，运动等方面的建议也会让我们的生活更加健康。

编译自

How to Describe Medical Symptoms to Your Doctors

Use your own words, don't hold back and don't be shy.

When explaining your symptoms to a doctor, jargon isn't necessary but an analogy can go a long way.

When it comes to describing medical symptoms – from sharp chest pains to sudden mood swings – the patient is the go-to member for the entire health care team.

Unlike signs picked up on physical exams or laboratory results, symptoms are what you experience firsthand and concern you enough to seek health care in the first place.

By explaining symptoms clearly, you help your doctor make the right diagnosis and develop the best treatment plan. So when it comes to describing symptoms, don’t be shy – dive right in and go into detail.

You don’t need to use medical jargon to be understood.

“It’s important for patients to describe things in their own words, not to try to use medical terms or what the doctor is expecting to hear, but to use their own language,” says Barrett Levesque, an assistant professor of clinical medicine at the UC San Diego Health System Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center.

Michael Klinkman, a professor of family medicine at the University of Michigan Health System, agrees that patients shouldn’t try to sound like doctors. “They just need to sound like people. ‘My stomach hurts and it’s really bad and I’m worried about it.’ Now, that’s a place to start from,” Klinkman says.

Presenting a symptom with a strong analogy can be a good way to go.

“When patients say something like, ‘I’m having this headache and it feels like a hammer going off and beating on the one side of my skull,’ I remember that description vividly,” he says. “In one sentence, it tells me that it’s unilateral – on one side of the head – and it’s a throbbing, pounding headache; it might wind up being a cluster headache, just because of that description.”

The basics of symptoms include how they feel, their location in the body (if physical), severity, how often they occur and how long they’ve been happening. Also consider

whether they’re associated with a certain activity, specific injury, time of day, food or drink, or any other triggers or patterns you’ve picked up on.

Levesque says that for many patients, “it could be a recent trip that might have set something off, stressors, medications they’re taking, family history – all are important to learn about, because it puts their symptoms in context.”

Among his patients with inflammatory bowel disease, he wants to know how their lives are affected: “Are they missing days at work? Or they can’t go out at night with their friends on the weekend because it’s always that they need to find a restroom? Or even the simple fact of the troubles they have driving into work, because they have to know where each gas station is.”

Don’t hesitate to mention symptoms even if they seem embarrassing or less than urgent.

“If somebody’s having bleeding in their bowel movements and not talking about [that], it can be difficult to make a diagnosis,” Levesque says. Or “leaving out something like extensive weight loss, for example, that might need additional tests to get to the answer.”

You can communicate with more confidence by preparing in advance, says Penney Cowan, executive director of the American Chronic Pain Association. Her organization offers online tools, including a sheet where patients briefly explain why they’re going to the visit, new symptoms they’ve had since their last visit, how things have improved and any questions they have.

“Now they’re prepared,” Cowan says. “You have to be organized because it’s very intimidating in front of your provider.”

By all means, make a list of concerns, but keep it short and focused, Klinkman advises. Too long a list can obscure what’s most significant and drain away precious office visit time.

“That’s another thing that we kind of cringe about as physicians, because it’s been so hard for patients to get their appointment with me," Klinkman says. "[Then] they have a list of 15 or 20 things they want to know about, and they start going down the list.” .

Attention-grabbing phrases include “I’m worried about this” or “This is concerning to me,” he says. “After you’ve said the two or three things that are really most important, then you might want to ask your doctor something like, ‘Does that make sense to you?’ or get him to engage back with you.”

For his part, Levesque has found some people “may minimize their symptoms because that might just be their personality,” but he warns that if patients say they feel better than they really do, it can affect how doctors interpret their test results.

“It’s helpful sometimes for patients for us to give them some language,” he says, by suggesting, for instance, descriptive terms like “watery” or “oatmeal” for bowel movements.

Other patients have no trouble describing their symptoms in full, Levesque notes, including creative use of technology. “Patients have even become comfortable taking pictures of the toilet to give a view of what they’ve been going through,” he says.

When you give health care providers a good rundown of your symptoms, it can help them make important connections, Klinkman says.

“When we hear something like ‘I’m having these abdominal pains and they come on when I’m stressed, and they bother me every day with no specific pattern,’ we can see pretty quickly that it doesn’t sound like the common medical causes for abdominal pain. It doesn’t sound like an ulcer or gallbladder disease,” or other causes, he says. “But it may be that somebody’s expressing their anxiety or distressthrough more somatic or body-focused symptoms.”

Someone with a condition like fibromyalgia or arthritis could go onto the American Chronic Pain Association site to maintain an interactive pain log. While the log includes the standard “rate your pain on a scale from one to 10,” it drills a lot deeper, allowing patients to concisely self-assess measures such as stress, exercise, sleep, fear of the pain, mood and isolation. Patients can then share these logs with their health team.

When it comes to describing your symptoms, “It’s important to realize that it’s a partnership,” Levesque says. “Doctors will help patients sort out their symptoms and address which ones we can alleviate and which ones there could be solutions [for] outside of medicine, such as dietary changes, rest, exercise, social support – all these things that are part of healthy living – that can be addressed as well.”

相关知识

春雨医生下载
如何有效描述自己的心理健康状况(11篇)
疼痛评估：向医生准确描述疼痛感受
疼痛感如何描述清楚？ 听医生怎么说
最新安卓春雨医生免费下载 – AppChina应用汇
疼痛感如何描述最清楚？医生教你
如何描述自我过敏史？.doc
如何撰写健康状况描述
心理健康状况自我描述
春雨医生

网址: 【春雨译文】如何向医生描述自己的症状 https://www.trfsz.com/newsview1221415.html